Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a serious soybean pathogen worldwide. HG Type 0 had been a predominant SCN in Heilongjiang province, the largest soybean (Glycine max L.) producing region in China. Recently, increased virulence on resistant cultivars originally developed for resistance to HG Type 0 was observed in fields. In order to identify new cultivars resistant to local SCN populations, two soil samples were collected from two counties (Anda and Wuchang) in which increased virulence on resistant cultivars occurred, and single-cyst cultures from each soil sample were maintained for more than five generations. Two single-cyst cultures from the Anda sample were identified as HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7 and HG Type 1.3, and one single-cyst culture from Wuchang was identified as HG Type 2.5.7. Then 18 soybean genotypes, including 11 local cultivars originally developed for resistance to HG Type 0, were used to evaluate resistance response to the three identified SCN populations. Various levels of resistance or susceptibility to the three SCN populations were observed among 18 genotypes. Two tests produced similar results for the three SCN populations. Both 'Kangxian12' and 'Kangxian13' showed resistance or moderate resistance to HG Type 2.5.7, HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7 and HG Type 1.3. The germplasm '09-138' was resistant to HG Type 1.3 and HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7. Cultivars with 'Peking'-resistance were resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 2.5.7 in both tests except for 'Kangxian8' in test 1. The identified resistant varieties would be valuable sources of breeding materials for resistance against multiple SCN populations.
Highlights
E USA (Wrather and Koenning, 2009)
Two single-cyst cultures from the Anda sample were identified as HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7 and HG Type 1.3, and one single-cyst culture from Wuchang was identified as HG Type 2.5.7
After more than five generations of single-cyst culture, only two cultures from Anda soil sample (Anda1 and Anda2) and one from Wuchang were available to be used for HG Type identification
Summary
E USA (Wrather and Koenning, 2009). The nematode was first discovered in northeast China in 1899 (Ou et al, 2008; Li et al, 2011) and was reported in most major soybean producing countries including. In China, major efforts were made to develop SCN cultivars resistant to HG Type 1.2.3- in Huang-Huai Valleys and to HG Type 0- in northeast China (Liu, 2005). The major source of resistance in these varieties was soybean ‘Franklin’ containing ‘Peking’ resistance (Yuan et al, 2008; Li et al, 2014) These ‘Peking’derived SCN-resistant varieties have become less effective due to the emergence of new SCN populations with planting these varieties in the same field year after year (Tian et al, 2007; Chen et al, 2015; Yang et al, 2015). This study would provide valuable information for SCN management and for the SCN resistance breeding program
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