Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies of heavy metals are concentrate on clay fractions, but coarser fractions of the soil can constitute significant sources of structural forms of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of heavy metals in the structure of minerals of the sand and silt fractions of soils from three different parent materials (metamorphic rocks and granite) in southern Brazil using SEM/EDS – Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and with WD-EPMA – with Wavelength [...]
Highlights
Some authors have used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify mineral sources of structural forms of heavy metals (Ryan et al, 2008; Roach et al, 2009)
Association of P with Pb was found by Batista et al (2017) using XRD, and the main host of Pb in the clay fractions of soils in the South of Brazil was plumbogummite [PbAl3(PO4)2(OH)5.H2O]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of heavy metals in the structure of individual minerals of the sand and silt fraction of soils from three different parent materials in southern Brazil using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and WD-EPMA
Summary
Some authors have used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify mineral sources of structural forms of heavy metals (Ryan et al, 2008; Roach et al, 2009). The predominance of quartz with high crystallinity makes it even more difficult to identify minor mineral sources of heavy metals by XRD in the sand and silt fractions. Another significant limitation of XRD is the occurrence of heavy metals in the structure of Fe and Mn oxides and aluminosilicate minerals, since. The analysis of isolated crystals is the only way to accurately identify the mineral source of structural forms of heavy metals in soil fractions (Batista et al, 2017). The following studies show the association of heavy metals with soil minerals using SEM-EDS: i) Co, Cr, Ni, and V in magnesium silicates and Fe oxides from two serpentine quarries in Galicia (Arenas-Lago et al., 2016); ii) Pb-sulfides and Pb-molybdates in Meza River sediments, Spain (Miller and Gosar, 2009); and iii) several Pb-bearing minerals, such as, galena, anglesite, cerussite, mimetite, and pyromorphite in soils of an abandoned mine, South Wales (Umar and Adamu, 2015)
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