Abstract
The rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) is one of the most destructive agricultural pests. Due to its migratory behavior, it is difficult to control worldwide. To date, little is known about major genes of C. medinalis involved in chitin metabolism and insecticide detoxification. In order to obtain a comprehensive genome dataset of C. medinalis, we conducted de novo transcriptome sequencing which focused on the major feeding stage of fourth-instar larvae, and our work revealed useful information on chitin metabolism and insecticide detoxification and target genes of C. medinalis. We acquired 29,367,797 Illumina reads and assembled these reads into 63,174 unigenes with an average length of 753 bp. Among these unigenes, 31,810 were annotated against the National Center for Biotechnology Information non-redundant (NCBI nr) protein database, resulting in 24,246, 8669 and 18,176 assigned to Swiss-Prot, clusters of orthologous group (COG), and gene ontology (GO), respectively. We were able to map 10,043 unigenes into 285 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database (KEGG). Specifically, 16 genes, including five chitin deacetylases, two chitin synthases, five chitinases and four other related enzymes, were identified to be putatively involved in chitin biosynthesis and degradation, whereas 360 genes, including cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, esterases, and acetylcholinesterases, were found to be potentially involved in insecticide detoxification or as insecticide targets. The reliability of the transcriptome data was determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) for the selected genes. Our data serves as a new and valuable sequence resource for genomic studies on C. medinalis. The findings should improve our understanding of C. medinalis genetics and contribute to management of this important agricultural pest.
Highlights
The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is one of the most important rice pests in many Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, China, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam [1]
In order to determine the reliability of the transcriptome, the main genes involved in chitin metabolism, their relative expression levels were determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis in two tissues and two developmental stages (Figure 5)
By using BLASTX, we identified a series of transcripts (Table S5) related to insecticide detoxification, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferases, and insecticide target proteins, including acetylcholinesterase, γ-aminobutyric acid receptor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and sodium channel [10]
Summary
The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is one of the most important rice pests in many Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, China, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam [1]. Starting from the fourth-instar when larvae regularly roll up rice leaves, they become solitary and difficult to control [2] This insect was considered a minor pest previously, but it appeared to be more important with the spread of high-yield rice varieties and the accompanying changes in cultural practices [3]. A comprehensive description of the whole-genome sequence and the gene families that may be involved in insecticide detoxification and resistance in a particular stage of C. medinalis remain unavailable. We obtained a series of information of chitin synthesis, degradation related enzymes, and comprehensive information of insecticide detoxification and resistance related genes of C. medinalis. We expect that the new dataset will provide an invaluable resource for identifying important genes for insecticide detoxification and resistance and for development and evolution in C. medinalis
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
