Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of iron- and ROS-dependent cell death and is involved in various diseases. LncRNAs are involved and play important roles in the occurrence and development of several cancers. However, researches about the role of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in glioma are relatively rare. Here, we identified nine ferroptosis-related lncRNAs and then constructed a prognostic model by the LASSO and Cox analysis. The model could predict overall survival with high sensitivity and specificity according to ROC curves. In addition, the cell cycle, p53 signaling, apoptosis, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were obviously enriched in the pathogenesis of glioma by gene set enrichment analysis. A nomogram was constructed by integrating several independent prognostic clinicopathological features, and it could provide a valuable predictive tool for overall survival. Furthermore, a strong correlation between these nine lncRNAs and immunotherapy was found. Glioma patients in the high-risk group had higher TMB using somatic mutation data, different immune infiltration, and higher expression of immune checkpoints, indicating these patients might benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. In summary, these nine ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were promising biomarkers for predicting overall survival and guiding immunotherapy or future immune checkpoint inhibitor development for glioma patients.
Highlights
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults, accounting for approximately 80% of cases (Stupp et al, 2015; Ostrom et al, 2020)
The clinical information of the glioma patients obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts is summarized in Table 1 and Table 2
Nine ferroptosis-related prognostic long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified in the training CGGA693 cohort after serial analysis, including Spearman analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression analysis (Figures 2A–C)
Summary
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults, accounting for approximately 80% of cases (Stupp et al, 2015; Ostrom et al, 2020). LGG has high differentiation and a good prognosis, and the median overall survival (OS) is 8–10 years. HGG has low differentiation, high malignancy, and poor prognosis. Among the types of HGG, the median OS of anaplastic glioma (WHO grade 3) is 3–4 years, and the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade 4) is the worst, with a median OS of only 14.6–17 months (Smoll et al, 2013; Stupp et al, 2015; Gu et al, 2019; Litak et al, 2019). It has been reported that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs, i.e., PD-L1 inhibitors) have a certain effect in the treatment of glioma (Ampudia-Mesias et al, 2021)
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