Identification of exudates from callus of Mangrove Plant (Rhizophora apiculata BI) in vitro.

Abstract

Rhizophora apiculata is species in mangrove vegetation. The mangroves leaves were the water-storage type. Induction of callus from the leaf of R. apiculata faced problems, i.e., browning phenomena and exudates. This research aimed to evaluate the production of exudates and their correlation with the browning of explant and to identify kind of compounds of exudates. The leaf that is used as explants was divided into the base and tip section was grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the addition of NAA 1 mg/L, BAP 0,3 mg/L, and activated charcoal 12 g / L. The treatments included 24 hours placed in the dark and 24 hours placed under light, 16 hours placed in the dark and 8 hours under the light, 8 hours placed in the dark and 16 hours under the light; the treatments were repeated four times. Respond of explants were descriptively observed, while the exudates were analyzed by Benedict test. The results showed that light treatment could induce callus formation while 24-hour dark treatment could reduce browning. The novelty of this research lies upon the process of browning prevention using light duration treatment. Therefore, browning could be prevented, and mangrove culture could successfully produce callus. Not at all explants produced the exudates. Light treatment can be used to avoid exudates production. Some of the exudates consisted of carbohydrates. Nevertheless, another one consisted of a salt solution. These exudates made a disturbance in callus initiation of R. apiculata.