Abstract
Small ‘featureless’ viruses (< 50 nm) are difficult to identify by routine immune electron microscopy techniques, particularly when they are mixed with debris from stool or cell culture extracts. A combination of conventional immune electron microscopy (IBM) and solid phase IBM (SPIBM) methodologies was used to identify hepatitis A virus (HAV) in stool and cell culture extracts and non-A non-B hepatitis (hepatitis B) in stool extracts. Compared with conventional IBM, the modified SPIBM method resulted in a significant increase in the number of particles observed. Several small aggregates, each containing 2–20 particles, were observed scattered randomly within most grid squares. Similar results were seen with stool extracts from hepatitis B (HBV) infections. The SPIBM method is a simple, highly sensitive specific assay that facilitates rapid identification of enteric hepatitis viruses. Several experiments were done to characterize the effects of altered physical environment within the assay and to evaluate potential modifications.
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