Identification of Elite Pigeonpea Genotypes against Fusarium Wilt and Sterility Mosaic Disease through AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis

Abstract

Background: Pigeonpea is an important legume crop in the world. The diseases Fusarium Wilt (FW) and Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) causes a complete yield loss i.e. up to 100% in susceptible pigeonpea genotypes. Amidst of these conditions the selection of stable resistant genotypes against these diseases under varying environmental conditions is the primary management choice for minimizing yield losses (Sharma et al., 2012; Bhaskar et al., 2016). Methods: Fifty pigeonpea genotypes were evaluated against Fusarium wilt and SMD in artificial epiphytotic conditions during four Kharif seasons i.e., 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was used to decipher the interaction between genotype (G) and environment (E) for FW and SMD in pigeonpea. Result: Analysis revealed that in both the diseases IPCA1 and IPCA2 collectively contributed more than 80% interaction. AMMI biplots revealed that Kharif- 2019 shows positive effect to FW disease and negative effect to SMD. The AMMI model integration with GGE biplot, identified stable and resistant genotypes (1, 6, 7, 9, 11, 14, 20, 25, 21, 30, 33, 35, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48 and 49) to both FW and SMD based on their performance across diverse environments. These genotypes will be referred for pigeonpea FW and SMD disease resistance breeding programmes.