Identification of drought level using Normalized Difference Latent Heat Index in the South Coast of South Sulawesi Province

Abstract

One of the impacts of climate change is drought. Drought is a hydrological problem that affects survival on earth significantly. This study aims to identify drought through the approach of one of the indices related to water, namely Normalized Difference Latent Heat (NDLI). NDLI values were obtained through a multispectral Landsat 8 OLI calculation process, namely band 3 (green), band 4 (red), and band 6 (SWIR). Each band interprets variables related to heat and water content. The coverage area of research is in the south coast of South Sulawesi Province which includes Makassar City, Gowa Regency, Takalar Regency, Jeneponto Regency, Bantaeng Regency, and Bulukumba Regency. The regency on the south coast of South Sulawesi Province is the region with the highest level of human activity starting from agricultural activities, ponds, industry and many other activities. NDLI values range from +1 to -1, where positive values indicate areas with good water content with latent heat and poor water content. In the south coast of South Sulawesi Province, NDLI values ranged from 0.05 to -0.71. Based Drought classification level, the level of drought on the south coast of South Sulawesi Province is near normal, moderately dry, and severely dry.