Abstract
Rice is a staple food in Goa. It is cultivated in three different ecosystems, viz, lowland (khazan), midland (ker) and upland (morod). The present investigation was carried out for two consecutive years, i.e., 2015 and 2016 to study the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and identify the dominant species in the three different rice ecosystems of Goa. The native dominant AM species identified from the study can be further employed for developing AM inocula. The study revealed 17 AM fungal species recorded from the three ecosystems and belonged to six genera, viz., Acaulospora (9), Rhizoglomus (1), Entrophospora (1), Claroideoglomus (2), Funneliformis (1) and Gigaspora (3). There was dominance of different genera in different ecosystems. The genus Acaulospora was abundant in lowlands, genus Gigaspora in midlands and the genus Claroideoglomus in upland fields. This study suggests the possibility of using inocula of the dominant AM species in the respective ecosystems for increased plant growth and yield.
Highlights
One of the important crops grown in many tropical countries of the world is rice (Oryza sativa L.)
This study suggests the possibility of using inocula of the dominant arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) species in the respective ecosystems for increased plant growth and yield
All the rice fields in the different ecosystems are conventionally managed with each ecosystem having its own cultivation practice
Summary
One of the important crops grown in many tropical countries of the world is rice (Oryza sativa L.). It is grown in different ecosystems defined on the basis of hydrology, roughly classified as irrigated, rainfed lowland, upland and flood prone. Half of the world rice area is irrigated and of the remainder is distributed among rainfed lowland (25%), uplands (13%) and flood prone (9%) [11, 12, 15]. Rice is the staple food of Goa. The crop is cultivated in three different topographical situations, i.e., upland (morod), midland (ker) and lowland (khazans) mainly as wet season (kharif) crop from June to October.
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