Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Because current treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most prevalent lung cancer histological subtype, show limited efficacy, screening for tumor-associated biomarkers using bioinformatics reflects the hope to improve early diagnosis and prognosis assessment. In our study, a Gene Expression Omnibus dataset was analyzed to identify genes with prognostic significance in NSCLC. Upon comparison with matched normal tissues, 118 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in NSCLC, and their functions were explored through bioinformatics analyses. The most significantly upregulated DEGs were TOP2A, SLC2A1, TPX2, and ASPM, all of which were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS). Further analysis revealed that TOP2A had prognostic significance in early-stage lung cancer patients, and its expression correlated with levels of immune cell infiltration, especially dendritic cells (DCs). Our study provides a dataset of potentially prognostic NSCLC biomarkers, and highlights TOP2A as a valuable survival biomarker to improve prediction of prognosis in NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the most common tumor worldwide, and carries the highest morbidity and mortality rates [1]
The most significantly upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were TOP2A, SLC2A1, TPX2, and ASPM, all of which were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS)
Further analysis revealed that TOP2A had prognostic significance in early-stage lung cancer patients, and its expression correlated with levels of immune cell infiltration, especially dendritic cells (DCs)
Summary
Lung cancer is the most common tumor worldwide, and carries the highest morbidity and mortality rates [1]. Surgical resection is seldom an option for SCLC treatment, owing to typical advanced-stage diagnosis; most SCLC patients receive chemotherapy, but its efficacy is generally limited. Only a small number of early-stage NSCLC patients can be treated with surgery, which achieves a 5-year survival rate as high as 70% in patients with stage IA NSCLC [2]. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy are indicated in patients with more advanced NSCLC, but are associated with a 5-year survival rate of only ~23%. Notwithstanding, the low 5-year survival rate for patients with lung cancer is largely due to insufficient preventive efforts and generalized late diagnosis [4]
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