Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complicated disease caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that affect mucosal homeostasis and triggers inappropriate immune response. The purpose of the study was to identify significant biomarkers with potential therapeutic targets and the underlying mechanisms. Methods The gene expression profiles of GSE48958, GSE73661, and GSE59071 are from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by the GEO2R tool. Next, the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was applied to analyze gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) was visualized by Cytoscape with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING). Results There were a total of 128 common DEGs genes, including 86 upregulated genes enriched in extracellular space, regulation of inflammatory response, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, response to lipopolysaccharide, and cell proliferation, while 42 downregulated genes enriched in the integral component of the membrane, the integral component of the plasma membrane, apical plasma membrane, symporter activity, and chloride channel activity. The KEGG pathway analysis results demonstrated that DEGs were particularly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TNF signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, pertussis, and rheumatoid arthritis. 18 central modules of the PPI networks were selected with Cytotype MCODE. Furthermore, 18 genes were found to significantly enrich in the extracellular space, inflammatory response, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, regulation of cell proliferation, and immune response via reanalysis of DAVID. Conclusion The study identified DEGs, key target genes, functional pathways, and pathway analysis of UC, which may provide potential molecular targets and diagnostic biomarkers for UC.
Highlights
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the major clinical phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a complicated disease caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that affect mucosal homeostasis and trigger inappropriate immunity response [1]
The present study focused on colonic mucosal biopsies, which included 7 colonic tissues and 8 normal controls, 23 colonic biopsies and 12 normal tissues, and 97 UC patients and 11 controls, respectively
GEO2R was used for data preprocessing and applied to screen Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the following groups: UC vs. control group
Summary
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the major clinical phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a complicated disease caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that affect mucosal homeostasis and trigger inappropriate immunity response [1]. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complicated disease caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that affect mucosal homeostasis and triggers inappropriate immune response. 18 genes were found to significantly enrich in the extracellular space, inflammatory response, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, regulation of cell proliferation, and immune response via reanalysis of DAVID. The study identified DEGs, key target genes, functional pathways, and pathway analysis of UC, which may provide potential molecular targets and diagnostic biomarkers for UC
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