Abstract
The theoretical justification was carried out and the method of operational remote non-sampling gas analysis of the atmosphere in emergency situations was selected. As a result of the analysis of the methods of non-sampling determination of substances in the open atmosphere, it was established that the most appropriate use of optical spectral methods of monitoring the composition of the atmosphere, based on the registration and subsequent analysis of the electromagnetic radiation of the object of observation. To determine the most effective method of remote monitoring, an analytical classification of all possible optical spectral methods of remote monitoring was compiled: lidar methods, acousto-optic filters, correlation spectrometers, interference light filters with reconfiguration, use of the Fabry-Pere interferometer. It has been established that to solve the problem of non-sampling analysis of substances in the open atmosphere, it is most appropriate to use an infrared Fourier spectral radiometer of medium spectral resolution, which works in passive mode in the window of atmospheric transparency of 7-14 μm and allows obtaining experimental information in real time. Algorithms for the numerical solution of the problem of identification of substances and restoration of their concentrations based on infrared spectra of medium resolution in the region of 7…14 μm obtained on an IR Fourier spectroradiometer have been developed. Algorithms make it possible to identify substances by the unit spectrum of an open atmospheric track. Instead of considering a multidimensional system of linear equations, it is proposed to solve one or several one-dimensional problems. The transition to a one-dimensional problem is carried out by methods of correlation analysis. The influence of noise in the original spectrum on errors in solving the problem of determining concentrations was studied.
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