Abstract
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Caesalpiniaceae) is an ornamental plant with several ethnomedicinal uses. The present study was designed to investigate the brine shrimp cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity of oil obtained from C. pulcherrima root. The powdered root was extracted with methanol and then defatted with petroleum ether (40-60oC) to obtain a viscous oil. The oil was investigated for its brine shrimp cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity in vitro. The chemical constituents were identified by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The oil showed significant lethal effect against Artemia salina (Brine shrimp) with LC50 of 23.85 μg/mL and mild insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum and Callosbruchus analis with percentage mortality of 20% and 40% respectively at 1 mg/cm2. GC-MS analysis identified 37 compounds mainly steroids, terpenoids and fatty acids.Keywords: Caesalpinia pulcherrima, chemical constituents, cytotoxicity, insecticidal activity.
Highlights
The genus Caesalpinia consists of more than 500 species belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae
We report the brine shrimp cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity of the oil obtained from the root of C. pulcherrima and the identification of the constituents by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis
Swartz is a well-known ornamental plant belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae
Summary
No of insects alive in control crude oily extract (240 g) was suspended in 250 mL Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS): of methanol-water (4:1) and extracted with petroleum The GC-MS analysis of the viscous oil was ether (3 X 500 mL) to obtained a viscous oil. Sample Preparation: Test sample (20 mg) was dissolved in 2 mL of DMSO to make a stock solution of 10 mg/mL. Treatment with test sample: After 2 days of hatching identification at start mass of 20 amu and end mass of and maturation as nauplii, 5 mL of artificial seawater 650 amu for scan time of 200 ms. The Spectra of the containing 10 larvae was transferred into each well separated compounds were compared with the containing different concentration of the test sample database of the NIST Reference Spectra Library with (final concentration 2, 20 and 200 μg/mL).
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