Identification of chronic kidney disease risk in relatively lean Southern Chinese: the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype vs. anthropometric indexes

Xiaofei Shao,Chaomin Zhou,Hequn Zou,Yongqiang Li

doi:10.1007/s40519-017-0476-8

Abstract

PurposeAssessing and comparing the ability of the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype and anthropometric obesity indexes to identify subjects at high risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a relatively lean population in South China.MethodsUsing data from a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Zhuhai City, Southern China, we examined associations between the HW phenotype, anthropometric obesity indexes, and incident CKD risk in a relatively lean population. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations.ResultsThe HW phenotype associated with CKD significantly in the unadjusted analysis (OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.65–7.52, P = 0.001). Further adjustment for gender, age, and other potential confounding variables had an impact on the odd ratios (OR); the OR decreased but still existed (OR 2.91, 95% 1.23–6.87, P = 0.016). The association of the HW phenotype with CKD remained significant after further adjustment for hypertension and diabetes. No significant association between the anthropometric indexes and incident CKD was found.ConclusionThe HW phenotype, but not the anthropometric indexes, is associated with an elevated risk of CKD in relatively lean subjects. The HW phenotype appears to be a better predictor of CKD than the anthropometric indexes.Level of evidenceLevel V, descriptive study.

Highlights

It is widely known that obese subjects are at increased health risk for many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3]
A recent study suggests that body mass index (BMI) is an independent predictive factor for kidney function and BMI was negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate
Among these relatively lean subjects, 740 participants who had low waist circumference (WC) and TG levels were assigned to Group 1, 328 participants were assigned to Group 2 and 104 participants met the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype criteria and were assigned to Group 3

Summary

Introduction

It is widely known that obese subjects are at increased health risk for many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3]. Asian population including Chinese appear to be more prone to have visceral fat accumulation despite having generally low BMI [15].The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype is thought to be a simple but sensitive surrogate marker of visceral adiposity [16], and our previous study showed that the HW phenotype was associated with CKD in the population aged 40 years and older [17]. It is still not known, whether the HW phenotype can predict future CKD in relatively lean (lean subjects or subjects with normal BMI) populations

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion