Identification of Cancerlectins By Using Cascade Linear Discriminant Analysis and Optimal g-gap Tripeptide Composition

Abstract

Background: Lectins are a diverse group of glycoproteins or glycoconjugate proteins that can be extracted from plants, invertebrates and higher animals. Cancerlectins, a kind of lectins, which play a key role in the process of tumor cells interacting with each other and are being employed as therapeutic agents. A full understanding of cancerlectins is significant because it provides a tool for the future direction of cancer therapy. Objective: To develop an accurate and practically useful timesaving tool to identify cancerlectins. A novel sequence-based method is proposed along with a correlative webserver to access the proposed tool. Methods: Firstly, protein features were extracted in a newly feature building way termed, g-gap tripeptide composition. After which a proposed cascade linear discriminant analysis (Cascade LDA) is used to alleviate the high dimensional difficulties with the Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) as a feature importance criterion. Finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used as the classifier to identify cancerlectins. Results: The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 91.34% with sensitivity of 89.89%, specificity of 92.48% and an 0.8318 Mathew’s correlation coefficient based on only 13 fusion features in jackknife cross validation, the result of which is superior to other published methods in this domain. Conclusion: In this study, a new method based only on primary structure of protein is proposed and experimental results show that it could be a promising tool to identify cancerlectins. An openaccess webserver is made available in this work to facilitate other related works.