Identification of bilateral breast sentinel lymph nodes draining primary melanoma of the back by preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative mapping.

Abstract

A 30-year-old white woman with a primary malignant melanoma of her right back at the Sappey line, 4 cm from the midline at the L2 level, underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative mapping of the sentinel lymph node using lymphazurin injection at the primary site and a hand-held gamma probe. Lymphoscintigraphy showed one sentinel lymph node in each breast and another one in the right axilla. These three sentinel lymph nodes were accurately identified using a hand-held gamma probe during operation. An additional sentinel and one nonsentinel lymph node from the right axilla were harvested. All four sentinel lymph nodes were blue and showed significantly elevated radioactivity compared with background. Histologic analysis showed that all these lymph nodes were negative for metastatic melanoma. She has been followed for a period of 26.7 months since her selective sentinel lymphadenectomy and has been free of disease to date. This case illustrates the importance of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in identifying in-transit sentinel lymph nodes in both breasts in addition to the clinically predictable sentinel lymph node(s) in the right axilla.