Abstract
The present study is an attempt to prepare a water resource development action plan for Manchi basin in Eastern Rajasthan (India) using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Satellite data have proven to be very useful for surface study, especially in the preparation of land use/land cover and geomorphological map. Morphometric parameters are analyzed to understand the basin characteristics and its influence on the water resources for instance bifurcation ratio indicates high surface run off and low recharge in SB-I, IV, V. Low drainage density ranges from 2.41 (SB-IV) to 2.99 (SB-V) km/km2, with an average of 2.72 km/km2 showing permeable strata, dense vegetation and low relief. Analysis of shape parameters i.e. elongation ratio and circularity ratio suggest that Manchi basin is elongated in shape. Whereas, slope, geology and geomorphological mapping is done to demarcate groundwater potential zones for future exploration in the study area. Slope is inversely proportional to infiltration. Therefore, sub-basin areas having gentle slope permits less runoff and more infiltration as in alluvial plains and vice versa where hills and ridges are present. The integrated study helps in designing suitable sites for constructing water harvesting structures. Check dams, percolation tanks and nala bund are proposed at 1st, 2nd or 3rd drainage orders at SB-I and SB-IV with ravenous land (open scrub), uncultivated land, open forest & exposed rock present. Nala bund & check dam are proposed at SB-II & SB-V whereas, at SB-III check dams & percolation tanks are proposed so as to conserve the natural resources present in the basin. Finally, the best feasible water harvesting structures have been proposed within the sub-basins area using remote sensing and GIS techniques.
Highlights
Drainage basins are the fundamental units to understand geometric characteristics of fluvial landscape, such as topology of stream networks, quantitative description of drainage texture, pattern, shape and relief characteristics [1] [2]
Remote sensing and GIS have demonstrated their capability in framing water resource development plan and management strategies in Manchi basin
Drainage map was superimposed on land use/land cover map to identify suitable sites for constructing water harvesting conservation structures so as to protect the natural resources of Manchi basin
Summary
Drainage basins are the fundamental units to understand geometric characteristics of fluvial landscape, such as topology of stream networks, quantitative description of drainage texture, pattern, shape and relief characteristics [1] [2]. Morphometric analysis is an important technique to evaluate and understand the behaviour of hydrological system. It provides quantitative specification of basin geometry to understand initial slope or inconsistencies in rock hardness, structural controls, recent diastrophism, geological and geomorphic history of drainage basin [3]. Are used to identify suitable sites and structures for groundwater recharge, which are useful in water resources development plan. Remote sensing and GIS have been employed in the present study superimposing thematic maps like Drainage, Geology, Geomorphology, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Slope to extract useful information so, as to formulate a water resource development plan for the Manchi Basin, Eastern Rajasthan, India
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