Abstract
The effect of auxin treatment on the formation of apomictic – endospermless grains in <em>Poa pratensis </em>was investigated in the study. Four Polish cultivars: Skiz, Eska 46, Alicja, Ani as well as six breeding lines: POB 13, SK-W-33, SKW-15, SKW-35A, SK-W-35A and SK-W-35B were tested by embryological methods to reveal the reproduction pathway in greenhouse and field conditions. The obtained results showed that four genotypes, i.e. Alicja, Ani, Eska 46 and SK-W-35B are facultative apomictic and the other have formed seeds only on the apomictic way. In facultative apomicts it was found that in many cases both endospermless ovules containing embryo sacs with embryos or embryo sacs with well developed endosperm were formed. In the case of apomictic genotypes only endospermless seeds were observed.
Highlights
Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis L. is a valuable crop, especially under temperate climatic conditions
It was observed that in untreated ovules collected from the field there were the high percent of developed endosperm (100% in six genotypes) and low percent of embryos
In the field condition in four analyzed genotypes, i.e. Eska 46, Alicja, Ani and Sk-W-35B only 72.2–83.3% of seeds were formed in the apomictic way, because in addition to embryo sacs (ES) with embryos and without endosperm (Fig. 1, Fig. 3a), could be observed ES with normally developed embryos and endosperm (Fig. 3b)
Summary
Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis L. is a valuable crop, especially under temperate climatic conditions. The most widespread form of apomixis in Kentucky bluegrass is apospory, which ensures preservation of the maternal genotype in seedlings [5] This is the reason of intensive work concerning apomixis research aimed at producing monogenotypic bluegrass cultivars [6,7,8]. These experiments cannot be performed without studying different types or apomixis mechanisms and developing reliable methods of apomixis identification in wild and cultivated forms of Poa. There are different techniques of apomixis screening and estimating their frequency [9,10]
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