Abstract
Brassica vegetables possess high levels of antioxidant metabolites associated with beneficial health effects including vitamins, carotenoids, anthocyanins, soluble sugars and phenolics. Until now, no reports have been documented on the genetic basis of the antioxidant activity (AA) in Brassicas and the content of metabolites with AA like phenolics, anthocyanins and carotenoids. For this reason, this study aimed to: (1) study the relationship among different electron transfer (ET) methods for measuring AA, (2) study the relationship between these methods and phenolic, carotenoid and anthocyanin content, and (3) find QTLs of AA measured with ET assays and for phenolic, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents in leaves and flower buds in a DH population of B. oleracea as an early step in order to identify genes related to these traits. Low correlation coefficients among different methods for measuring AA suggest that it is necessary to employ more than one method at the same time. A total of 19 QTLs were detected for all traits. For AA methods, seven QTLs were found in leaves and six QTLs were found in flower buds. Meanwhile, for the content of metabolites with AA, two QTLs were found in leaves and four QTLs were found in flower buds. AA of the mapping population is related to phenolic compounds but also to carotenoid content. Three genomic regions determined variation for more than one ET method measuring AA. After the syntenic analysis with A. thaliana, several candidate genes related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis are proposed for the QTLs found.
Highlights
Brassicaceae plants represent one of the major vegetable crops grown worldwide, with Brassica oleracea L. (2n = 18) as the main Brassica species consumed in Europe and the USA
Brassica vegetables possess high levels of antioxidant metabolites associated with beneficial health effects, including vitamins, carotenoids, anthocyanins, folate, soluble sugars and phenolic compounds which are known to be the major antioxidants of Brassica crops [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
The aims of our research were 1) to study the relationship among different electron transfer (ET) methods for measuring antioxidant activity (AA), 2) to study the relationship between these methods and phenolic, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents and 3) to find QTLs of AA measured with ET assays and for phenolic, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents in two organs of a double haploid (DH) population of B. oleracea as an early step in order to identify genes related to these traits
Summary
A high consumption of Brassica vegetables reduces the risk of age-related chronic illnesses, degenerative diseases [2] and several types of cancer [3]. Human health benefits associated to Brassica consumption could be attributed, in part, to the large amount of constituents having strong antioxidant activity (AA). Brassica vegetables possess high levels of antioxidant metabolites associated with beneficial health effects, including vitamins (especially vitamin A, C, E, K and B-6), carotenoids (such as c- and b-carotene and zeaxanthin), anthocyanins, folate, soluble sugars and phenolic compounds which are known to be the major antioxidants of Brassica crops [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
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