Abstract
Extracts of Chaetomium globosum EF18, isolated as endophytic fungus from Withania somnifera, were found effective against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were more effective than hexane extract showing >80% growth inhibition. Bioactive compound (antibiotic Sch 210971, m/z 445 and λmax 290) having antifungal activity against S. sclerotiorum has been isolated in pure form from the ethyl acetate extract following bioassay guided fractionation. Apart from this compound other fractions of polar to medium polarity were also found effective. Fraction no. VIII from VLC (Vacuum liquid chromatography) column of ethyl acetate extract was most active having IC50 value 35.4 μg/ml.
Highlights
The need for new and useful compounds to provide protection and relief to crop plants from pests and thereby sustenance of food production for human consumption is ever growing
Ethyl acetate, methanol and butanol extracts of endophytic fungus C. globosum were tested at 250 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml against S. sclerotiorum
Ethyl acetate extract was effective at 500 μg/ml having 75.68% growth inhibition on 4th day
Summary
The need for new and useful compounds to provide protection and relief to crop plants from pests and thereby sustenance of food production for human consumption is ever growing. Plant diseases have been causing devastating effects on crop plants and human life since the human civilization evolved (Agrios 2005) To combat such diseases, safer and greener chemicals have to be developed because conventional chemicals are posing greater threat to ecology and biodiversity and causing ill effects to human health. Safer and greener chemicals have to be developed because conventional chemicals are posing greater threat to ecology and biodiversity and causing ill effects to human health Microbes and their compounds are emerging as alternative strategies for pest control (Montesinos 2003). In our effort to isolate bioactive endophytic fungi, we isolated various endophytic fungi from Withania somnifera, among which Chaetomium globosum EF18 showed good activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani (Kumar et al, communicated paper).
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