Identification of anthocyanin in Bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) by HAPLC-DAD-ESIMS and GC

Abstract

Bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) anthocyanins were extracted with 0.15% HCl in methanol, removed from other polyphenols by partition with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and then purified in a C-18 solid phase cartridge. Pigments were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), photodiode array detection (DAD), electronic spray ion mass spectrometry (ESIMS) and gas chromatography (GC) without the standard. The major anthocyanin, which contained 97% of the total peak area, was identified as cyanidin 3-glucoside. This pigment may be taken as a marker for authenticity control of bayberry products and has potential as a reference compound of cyanidin 3-glucoside in anthocyanin analysis. When standard chemicals are not available, HPLC-DAD-ESIMS and GC are useful in anthocyanin identification if the anthocyanin profile is not overly complex in the studied materials.