Identification of a Novel Pyrrole Alkaloid from the Edible Mushroom Basidiomycetes-X (Echigoshirayukidake).

Toshio Sakamoto,Shinji Sato,Ayaka Nishida,Yutaka Nakamura,Seiichi Matsugo,Tetsuya Konishi,Naoki Wada

doi:10.3390/molecules25214879

Abstract

Three pyrrole alkaloid derivatives were isolated from the edible mushroom Basidiomycetes-X (Echigoshirayukidake) by water extraction followed by ethyl acetate fractionation. The chemical structures determined by MS and NMR were 4-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butanoic acid (compound I), 4-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butanamide (compound II), and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (compound III). Compound I was found to be the major component, followed by compound II, and compound III was the minor component. The dry powder of Basidiomycetes-X contained approximately 825 μg g−1 compound I and 484 μg g−1 compound II. Compound II was found to be a novel pyrrole aldehyde homologue not previously reported and thus is a specific component of this mushroom.

Highlights

Edible mushrooms are a well-known healthy food that have unique nutritional properties in that they are low calorie but rich in nutrients such as vitamins and minerals
Compound I at a retention time (Rt) of 36.8 min was detected as the major component in the HPLC chromatogram recorded by the absorbance at 260 nm, which accounted approximately 26% of the total observable peak area on the chromatogram
Compound I showed a characteristic UV absorption spectrum with an absorption maximum at 297 nm and a shoulder at 260 nm recorded by a photodiode array (PDA) detector

Summary

Introduction

Edible mushrooms are a well-known healthy food that have unique nutritional properties in that they are low calorie but rich in nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. Food factors such as indigestible polysaccharides as dietary fiber and other pharmacologically active ingredients are generally found in mushrooms [1]. The artificially cultured mycelium mass (sclerotia) is commercially available as the food and the medicinal resource, and, the functional studies on this novel mushroom is currently progressed [2]. Further studies revealed that Basidiomycetes-X has potential anti-obesity and hepatoprotective functions in rodents [4,5], and it inhibits atopic dermatitis in a mouse model [6].

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Results

Conclusion