Abstract
Background: As a common cancer of the urinary system in adults, renal clear cell carcinoma is metastatic in 30% of patients, and 1–2 years after diagnosis, 60% of patients die. At present, the rapid development of tumor immunology and autophagy had brought new directions to the treatment of renal cancer. Therefore, it was extremely urgent to find potential targets and prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy combined with autophagy. Methods: Through GSE168845, immune-related genes, autophagy-related genes, and immune-autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (IAR-DEGs) were identified. Independent prognostic value of IAR-DEGs was determined by differential expression analysis, prognostic analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Then, the lasso Cox regression model was established to evaluate the correlation of IAR-DEGs with the immune score, immune checkpoint, iron death, methylation, and one-class logistic regression (OCLR) score. Results: In this study, it was found that CANX, BID, NAMPT, and BIRC5 were immune-autophagy-related genes with independent prognostic value, and the risk prognostic model based on them was well constructed. Further analysis showed that CANX, BID, NAMPT, and BIRC5 were significantly correlated with the immune score, immune checkpoint, iron death, methylation, and OCLR score. Further experimental results were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion: CANX, BID, NAMPT, and BIRC5 were potential targets and effective prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy combined with autophagy in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.
Highlights
As a common cancer of the urinary system in adults, renal clear cell carcinoma is metastatic in 30% of patients, and 1–2 years after diagnosis, 60% of patients die
Further analysis showed that CANX, BH3-Interacting Domain Death Agonist (BID), nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), and Baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 (BIRC5) were significantly correlated with the immune score, immune checkpoint, iron death, methylation, and one-class logistic regression (OCLR) score
CANX, BID, NAMPT, and BIRC5 were potential targets and effective prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy combined with autophagy in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Summary
Through GSE168845, immune-related genes, autophagy-related genes, and immune-autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (IAR-DEGs) were identified. Independent prognostic value of IAR-DEGs was determined by differential expression analysis, prognostic analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The lasso Cox regression model was established to evaluate the correlation of IARDEGs with the immune score, immune checkpoint, iron death, methylation, and one-class logistic regression (OCLR) score. Microarray Data Analysis and Screening of Immune-Autophagy-Related Differentially Expressed Genes. To compare immune-autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (IAR-DEGs) in KIRC, the Gene GEO database was used. The GSE186645 dataset was selected for subsequent analyses. A total of 1,793 human immune-related genes (IRGs) were downloaded from ImmPort database Org./home), and a total of 223 human autophagy-related genes were downloaded from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb) (http://autophagy.lu/clustering/index.html). Functional Enrichment Analysis of Immune-Autophagy-Related Differentially Expressed Genes in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
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