Abstract
Background: Immune microenvironment within tumors affects initiation, progression and clinical outcome of human cancers. Here we explored an immune-related gene signature associated with prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma.Method: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was interrogated for expressions of immune-related genes in bladder urothelial carcinomas. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors.Results: Twenty-seven immune-related genes were revealed significantly associated with patient's overall survival (OS) by univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Nine-core immune-related genes including MMP9, PDGFRA, AHNAK, OLR1, RAC3, IGF1, PGF, OAS1, and SH3BP2 were selected to construct a risk score model by multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Bioinformatics analyses further validated that risk score could be used as an important independent factor in evaluating prognosis.Conclusion: We established a prognostic immune signature for patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma, which may provide novel targets for prediction and therapy of these patients.
Highlights
Bladder cancer incidence ranks first in men among malignant cancers of the urinary system in China and second only to prostate cancer in Western countries [1]
As immune microenvironment affects tumor progression, in the present study, we intended to explore an immune-related gene signature associated with prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma, the most common type of bladder cancer
We identified a panel of 9-core differentially expressed genes (DEG) including MMP9, PDGFRA, AHNAK, OLR1, RAC3, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), PGF, OAS1, and SH3BP2
Summary
Bladder cancer incidence ranks first in men among malignant cancers of the urinary system in China and second only to prostate cancer in Western countries [1]. The incidence of bladder cancer in men is three to four times higher than that in women [2]. There are no advances in the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer for decades [3, 4]. Immune checkpoint blockade has been demonstrated to be a promising method and approved for clinical treatment for metastatic bladder cancer [4, 5] (KEYNOTE 045, KEYNOTE 052, IMVIGOR211, IMVIGOR 210). Immune microenvironment within tumors affects initiation, progression and clinical outcome of human cancers. We explored an immune-related gene signature associated with prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma
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