Abstract
Grains number is one of the most important agronomic traits in the determination of rice productivity. To explore the underlying genetic basis of grain number in rice, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed using three recombinant inbred line populations derived from indica rice crosses of Teqing/IRBB lines, Zhenshan 97/Milyang 46, and Xieqingzao/Milyang 46, respectively. A total of 58 QTLs distributed on all 12 rice chromosomes were identified, including 22 for number of grains per panicle (NGP), 17 for number of spikelets per panicle, and 19 for spikelet fertility. The individual QTL counted for 1.5 to 22.1% of phenotypic variation. Among them, 15 QTLs shared by two or three populations and eight QTLs showed large effects with R2 larger than 10%. Furthermore, three QTLs with minor effects for NGP, qNGP5.5, qNGP9.1, and qNGP12.1, were detected and validated by eliminating the segregation of major-effect QTL using four residual heterozygote-derived populations. These results not only enrich our understanding of the mechanism of grain number, but also provide a foundation for cloning and selecting candidate for marker-assisted selection breeding in rice.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, playing a key role in meeting the demand of food for a growing global population
The results suggest that the five quantitative trait locus (QTL) for number of grains per panicle (NGP) detected in Ti52-2 is a result of the integration of number of spikelets per panicle (NSP) and spikelet fertility (SF)
A total of 58 QTLs for NGP, NSP, and SF were detected in three recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations of indica rice
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, playing a key role in meeting the demand of food for a growing global population. Yang et al analyzed the data of national rice regional trial in southern China from 1986 to 2002 and found that number of grains per panicle (NGP) played an important role in improving both the yield and rice quality based on suited number of effective panicles and grain weight [2]. It is essential to understand the molecular mechanism of grain number in rice. QTL mapping is an efficient strategy to dissect the molecular mechanisms of rice yield traits such as NGP [4]. Along with molecular marker technology development, hundreds of QTLs distributed on rice 12 chromosomes had been identified for NGP and NSP (www.gramene.org/archive/QTL data).
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