Abstract
In this study, we identified the presence and quantity of flavonoids produced in wheat roots inoculated with rhizobacteria. Our goal is to confirm the efficiency of standard isolates and show new strains with biotechnological potential to promote plant growth. The experiment was carried out with different isolates under inoculation in the following situations: T1-Azospirillum brasiliense; T2-Herbaspirillum seropedicae; T3-Azospirillum brasiliense and Herbaspirillum seropedicae co-inoculation; T4-native Enterobacter sp. nº 203; T5- native Enterobacter sp. nº 208; T6-native Enterobacter sp. nº 493; T7-Control only under nitrogen fertilization (N+); T8-Control without nitrogen (N-) and bacterial inoculation. Agronomic characteristics were assessed after 42 days of inoculation. Identification and quantification of flavonoids were carried out through HPLC, using an analytical curve with four standards based on Coumarin, Quercetin, Isoflavone and Rutin. Regarding the production of total flavonoids, two (203 and 493) out of the three native strains we tested were statistically significant, exceeding the values obtained from the inoculation of standard strains, which presented association with grasses (Azopirilum e Herbaspirillum). Standard bacteria, when inoculated in isolation, presented, along with those that received N+ treatment, the highest values for length and root and aerial part dry mass. New studies need to be carried out in order to confirm the technological use of these native strains as inoculant, as these bacteria may contribute to Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in wheat culture, either by competition or synergism.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L., from the grasses group) is considered the second most produced grain crop in the world and is an essential constituent of human nutrition worldwide [1]
The plants were inoculated with different isolates and were submitted to the following treatments: T1Azospirillum brasiliense; T2-Herbaspirillum seropedicae; T3-A. brasiliense and H. seropedicae co-inoculation; T4native Enterobacter sp. no 203; T5- native Enterobacter sp. no 208; T6-native Enterobacter sp. no 493; T7-Control only under nitrogen fertilization (N+); T8-Control without nitrogen (N-) and bacterial inoculation
The experimental step to test the agronomic potential of the native strains is to co-inoculate them with standard isolates for wheat crop; as well as to evaluate from agronomic and environmental aspects, whether the native strains can be used as collaborators of Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF); and or to indicate the need to preserve the native strains in agricultural environment aiming to improve through synergism and or competition the efficacy of strains commercially used as inoculants
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L., from the grasses group) is considered the second most produced grain crop in the world and is an essential constituent of human nutrition worldwide [1]. Several obstacles make production and dissemination of wheat crop throughout Brazil difficult Such obstacles include technical and biological factors during farming, problems in diseases control [4], other species that are more cultivated such as maize and soybean (which are given priority), besides the lack of credit or credit problems and attractive prices [5]. Another limiting factor for the cultivation of many crops, especially wheat, is the cost of Identification and Quantification of Wheat Roots Flavonoids Inoculated with Native Rhizobacteria fertilizers, the ones containing nitrogen [6]. The lines of research most studied included genetic improvement and increase of associative and beneficial relationships between the plant and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms [8]
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