Abstract
Rapid urbanization aggravates the degradation of wetland function. However, few studies have quantitatively analyzed and predicted the comprehensive impacts of different scenarios and types of human activities on wetland ecosystems from the perspective of land development. Combined with the Habitat Risk Assessment (HRA) model and the Cellular Automata (Ca)-Markov model, this study quantitatively measured the impact intensity and spatial distribution of different types of human activities on the wetland ecosystem in 2015, simulated and predicted the ecological pressure on the wetland in 2030, and identified the ecological risk hotspots of the Yangtze River waterfront along the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results showed that the ecological risk of wetlands in the study area was low in the urban core and high in the suburbs. Construction activities posed a greater risk to wetlands. The intensity of human activities in the ecological protection scenario will be significantly lower than that in the natural development scenario in 2030. The waterfront in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will face more ecological risks. The results of the study can provide theoretical and technical support for wetland conservation policy formulation and waterfront development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Highlights
Scientists, policymakers, governments, and stakeholders call for ecosystem-based management to understand the impact of the location and intensity of human activities on wetland ecosystems, and to comprehensively manage wetlands to ensure the sustainable supply of these services [16]
The Yangtze River Basin Water Environment Monitoring Center monitored organic pollutants in the Yangtze River, and the results showed that 266 harmful organic chemicals were detected in the water, and 106 harmful organic chemicals were detected in the sediments, 17 of which were priority controlled pollutants in the United
The results indicated that the ecological risk of wetlands in the three cities was low in the urban core and high in the suburbs
Summary
A series of factors, including urbanization, infrastructure construction, and agricultural activities, have led to and are accelerating environmental problems, such as the deterioration of water quality in wetlands, the decline in biodiversity, and lake shrinking [7,8,9]. These environmental problems have led to a reduction in the supply of ecosystem services [10,11,12,13].
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