Identification and Isolation of Caffeic, Chlorogenic and Ferulic Acids in Aerial Parts of Capparis spinosa wildly grown in Iraq

Aziza I Hussein ,Enas J Kadum

doi:10.31351/vol29iss2pp185-193

Abstract

Capparis spinosa is one of the oldest genera grown in Iraqi land with worldwide traditional medicinal uses beside the culinary uses. These uses were own to the presence of many phytochemical including flavonoids, polyphenols. Among the reported polyphenolic acids are caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids with well-known powerful antioxidant properties. The present work aimed to identify the presence of these polyphenolic acids in Iraqi caper naturally gown in the rural area of middle Iraq following standard chromatographic procedures. Aerial parts of the plant (buds, berries and leaves) were extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent by maceration method. Thin layer chromatographic techniques and HPLC analysis were performed to identify the presence of polyphenolic acids in ethyl acetate fraction of the hydroalcoholic extracts. The result obtained in this work revealed the presence of these phenolic acids in investigated extracts. Chromatographic analysis confirms the presence of considerable amounts of these acids in ethyl acetate fraction when the separated spots were compared with Rf values and UV spectra of standards. Such data give a promising use of aerial parts of Iraqi caper for globally reported medicinal uses.

Highlights

Capparaceae or Capper family comprises world-wide 33-45 genera and 700 species [1]
Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) analysis of ethyl acetate fraction showed the separation of several spots some of them were matched with standard caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids spots (Figure 2)
Analysis with TLC of samples E1 to E5 revealed the presence of caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids in samples E3, E2 and E5, respectively with respective Rf values of 0.58, 0.12 and 0.90 (Figure 4)

Summary

Introduction

Capparis is one of the oldest genera of Capparaceae found in Asia [2]. The species spinosa was reported to grow naturally in open fields; erupt through cracks of rocks and stone walls in hot deserts and rural areas. It grows well in nutrient and water deprived semi-arid or arid soil. Genera of Capparis spinosa consist of leaves with apical spines, flower bud and spiny stems. The flowers buds grow into berries which contain characteristic seeds (Figure 1) [4]. The plant is commonly used for its valuable culinary characteristics of its buds and berries owing to the presence of many constituents like capric acid, glucosinlates, isothiocyanate, mustard oil and phenols [5,6,7,8]

Methods

Results

Conclusion