Abstract
The study of identification and inventory of cassava accessions was done from August to September 2014 in four districts based on their potential as a center for cassava cultivation, namely Simalungun, Serdang Bedagai, Deli Serdang, Langkat Regency representing the lowlands and Simalungun and Karo Regency representing the highlands. Each district was selected 3 subdistricts and each subdistrict was surveyed 3 villages randomly through the accidental sampling method. Guidance on identifying morphological characters was used by reference from Fukuda, et al. (2010) by giving a score for each character observed. The results of the study obtained 8 genotypes with their respective codes and local names; 1) Sawit (G1), 2) Lampung (G2), 3) Merah (G3), 4) Adira-1 (G4), 5) Kalimantan (G5), 6) Malaysia (G6), 7) Roti (G7) and 8) Klanting (G8). The most common genotype found in the location were Malaysia and Adira-1, while the rarest was Merah. The yield potential at the age of 10 months were Sawit (26,9–30,1 tons/ha), Lampung (29,6–52,6 tons/ha), Merah (54–61,6tons/ha), Adira-1 (34,8–55,0 tons/ha), Kalimantan (15,8–64,2 tons/ha), Malaysia (32,9–64,3 tons/ha), , Roti (24,7–55,5 tons/ha), and Klanting (327,4–49,8 tons/ha).
Highlights
Cassava (Manihot esculanta Crantz) belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae
Cassava was originated from Mato Grosso (Brazil) and was distributed by Portuguese traders to Africa during the 17th century and to Asia during the 18th to 19th centuries (CIAT, 1993)
It is morphologically observed vegetative necessary to carry out an inventory and characteristicsby referring to the identification of cassava genotypes description of Fukuda, et al (2010)
Summary
Cassava (Manihot esculanta Crantz) belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. The genus Manihot has 98 species. Cassava has been cultivated in more than 90 countries in America, Africa and Asia. This plant plays an important role in providing food and income for more than 500 million people in developing countries (FAOSTAT 2008). The discovery of new varieties generally aims to obtain cassava plants with high yield potential and quality in order to y increase production continuously. Sufficient data is obtained the genotypes or varieties of cassava about production of cassava, it is not yet plants in the North Sumatra. For this reason, it is morphologically observed vegetative necessary to carry out an inventory and characteristicsby referring to the identification of cassava genotypes description of Fukuda, et al (2010).
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