Abstract
The interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) protein family mediates antiviral effects by inhibiting translation initiation, cell proliferation, and migration in the interferon (IFN) dependent innate immune system. Several members of this family, including IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3 and IFIT5, have been heavily studied in mammals. Avian species contain only one family member, IFIT5, and little is known about the role of this protein in birds. In this study, duck IFIT5 (duIFIT5) full-length mRNA was cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE). Based on the sequence obtained, we performed a series of bioinformatics analyses, and found that duIFIT5 was most similar to homologs in other avian species. Also, duIFIT5 contained eight conserved TPR motifs and two conserved multi-domains (TPR_11 and TPR_12). Finally, we used duck hepatitis virus type 1 (DHV-1) and polyriboinosinicpolyribocytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) as a pathogen or a pathogen-associated molecular pattern induction to infect three-day-old domestic ducklings. The liver and spleen were collected to detect the change in duIFIT5 transcript level upon infection by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). DuIFIT5 expression rapidly increased after DHV-1 infection and maintained a high level, while the transcripts of duIFIT5 peaked at 8h after poly (I:C) infection and then returned to normal. Taken together, these results provide a greater understanding of avian IFIT5.
Highlights
The innate immune system relies on a class of cytokines known as interferons (IFNs), which are secreted by host cells in response to viral infection [1,2]
The conserved domains predicted from the amino acid sequence included eight tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs) modifs and two multi-domains (TPR_11 and TPR_12), which is similar to the domain structure of human IFIT5 (Fig. 2)
We found duck IFIT5 (duIFIT5) was closely related to homologs found in turkey and chicken
Summary
The innate immune system relies on a class of cytokines known as interferons (IFNs), which are secreted by host cells in response to viral infection [1,2]. The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the duIFIT5 gene are shown are shown in S1 Fig. DNAStar software was used to analyze duIFIT5. A condensed phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the amino acid sequence of duIFIT5 compared to homologs in other organisms (Fig. 1). The conserved domains predicted from the amino acid sequence included eight TPR modifs and two multi-domains (TPR_11 and TPR_12), which is similar to the domain structure of human IFIT5 (Fig. 2).
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