Abstract
Mood profiling has been a popular assessment strategy since the 1970s, although little evidence exists of distinct mood profiles beyond the realm of sport and exercise. In the present study, we investigated clusters of mood profiles derived from the six subscales of the Brunel Mood Scale using the In The Mood website. Mood responses in three samples (n = 2,364, n = 2,303, n = 1,865) were analyzed using agglomerative, hierarchical cluster analysis, which distinguished six distinct and theoretically meaningful profiles. K-means clustering further refined the final parameter solution. Mood profiles identified were termed the iceberg, inverse iceberg, inverse Everest, shark fin, surface, and submerged profiles. Simultaneous multiple discriminant function analysis showed that cluster membership was correctly classified with a high degree of accuracy. Chi-squared tests indicated that the six mood profiles were unequally distributed according to the gender, age, and education of participants. Future research should investigate the antecedents, correlates and consequences of these six mood profile clusters.
Highlights
Mood has been described as “a set of feelings, ephemeral in nature, varying in intensity and duration, and usually involving more than one emotion” (Lane and Terry, 2000, p. 17)
The individualized and subjective nature of moods and emotions mean that responses elicited from self-report measures are considered to provide valid and useful information (Paulhus and Vazire, 2007)
The most popular applications of mood profiling have been in the sport and exercise domains
Summary
Mood has been described as “a set of feelings, ephemeral in nature, varying in intensity and duration, and usually involving more than one emotion” (Lane and Terry, 2000, p. 17). Mood measurement has typically occurred using self-report scales to assess transient emotions. The individualized and subjective nature of moods and emotions mean that responses elicited from self-report measures are considered to provide valid and useful information (Paulhus and Vazire, 2007). The mental health model (Morgan, 1985) predicts that psychological health, as reflected by positive mood, associates with athletic success, whereas psychopathology associates with an increased incidence of failure (Rowley et al, 1995). The graphical representation of mood responses, proposed by Morgan (1980) to be typical of successful athletes approximates the shape of an iceberg, where the mean scores of the normative group represent the water line beneath which most scores fall. The iceberg profile has subsequently been found to be the typical profile reported among athletes, successful or otherwise, and is less indicative of athletic success than previously claimed (Renger, 1993; Terry and Lane, 2000)
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