Identification and Comparison of Potential Biomarkers by Proteomic Analysis in Traditional Chinese Medicine-Based Heart Failure Syndromes.

Yang Jiang,Shumin Huang,Zhixi Hu,Bin Cheng,Qi Zhao,Hai-Dong Guo

doi:10.1155/2022/6338508

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is an epidemic disease affecting a large population worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is playing an increasingly important role in the clinical treatment of HF. According to the TCM theory, HF could be classified into Yang deficiency and Qi-yin deficiency; however, there are few objective and biological lines of evidence for differentiation of TCM HF syndromes to date. In this study, data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry was applied to comparatively analyze the protein expression in serum samples obtained from 12 Yang deficiency patients, 12 Qi-yin deficiency patients, and 12 healthy volunteers. Compared to the healthy controls, a total of 121 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (77 upregulated and 44 downregulated proteins) were identified in Yang deficiency samples, while 59 DEPs (49 upregulated and 10 downregulated proteins) were detected in Qi-yin deficiency samples. Enrichment analyses of these DEPs based on the GO and KEGG databases revealed functional clusters associated with the immune system, signal transduction, and infectious disease. Several previously reported HF biomarker proteins were found to be the hub proteins in a protein-protein interaction network analysis. Three novel hub DEPs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiation between different TCM syndromes of HF. The results provide biological insight into the differences of different TCM HF syndromes and an opportunity for specific biomarker identification for different TCM HF syndromes.

Highlights

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive and complex clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms such as breathlessness, ankle swelling, and fatigue and is associated with high morbidity and high mortality
Hemoglobin, blood platelets, and natrium were significantly lower, while creatinine and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were significantly higher in the Yang deficiency and Qi-yin deficiency groups compared to the healthy controls
According to the syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), HF has been divided into Yang deficiency and Qi-yin deficiency syndromes. e following symptoms are associated with Yang deficiency: spontaneous perspiration, aversion to cold and cold limbs, anorexia and abdominal distension, loose stools, soreness and lumbago, dizziness and amnesia, pale complexion, a dark pale tongue or pale and corpulent tongue with teeth prints, and deep, slow, or irregular intermittent pulse

Summary

Introduction

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive and complex clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms such as breathlessness, ankle swelling, and fatigue and is associated with high morbidity and high mortality. In China, it is common for these patients to receive a combination of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM has become an important complementary and alternative medical approach, widely adopted in China and becoming increasingly prevalent and accepted globally. In recent years, this type of integrated treatment of HF has shown significant progress and effectiveness. It has been reported to improve heart function and symptoms such as fatigue and dyspnea and enhance the survival time of patients and their quality of life [4,5,6,7]

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