Identification and Characterization of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 Proteome Using Multidimensional Liquid Phase Protein Separations

Abstract

We have identified and characterized the proteome of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 using multidimensional liquid phase protein separations. Multidimensional liquid phase chromatography was performed using ion exchange chromatography in the first dimension, followed by reverse-phase chromatography using 500 microm i.d. poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) monoliths in the second dimension to separate soluble protein lysates from S. solfataricus. The 2DLC protein separations from S. solfataricus protein lysates enabled the generation of a 2D liquid phase map analogous to the traditional 2DE map. Following separation of the proteins in the second dimension, fractions were collected, digested in solution using trypsin and analyzed using mass spectrometry. These approaches offer significant reductions in labor intensity and the overall time taken to analyze the proteome in comparison to 2DE, taking advantage of automation and fraction collection associated with this approach. Furthermore, following proteomic analysis using 2DLC, the data obtained was compared to previous 2DE and shotgun proteomic studies of a soluble protein lysate from S. solfataricus. In comparison to 2DE, the results show an overall increase in proteome coverage. Moreover, 2DLC showed increased coverage of a number of protein subsets including acidic, basic, low abundance and small molecular weight proteins in comparison to 2DE. In comparison to shotgun studies, an increase in proteome coverage was also observed. Furthermore, 187 unique proteins were identified using 2DLC, demonstrating this methodology as an alternative approach for proteomic studies or in combination with 2DE and shotgun workflows for global proteomics.