Abstract
Herein, we isolated Janthinobacterium svalbardensis F19 from sludge sediment. Strain F19 can simultaneously execute heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification under aerobic conditions. The organism exhibited efficient nitrogen removal at a C/N ratio of 2:1, with an average removal rate of 0.88 mg/L/h, without nitrite accumulation. At a C/N ratio of 2, an initial pH of 10.0, a culturing temperature of 25 °C, and sodium acetate as the carbon source, the removal efficiencies of ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, and hydroxylamine were 96.44%, 92.32%, 97.46%, and 96.69%, respectively. The maximum removal rates for domestic wastewater treatment for ammonia and total nitrogen were 98.22% and 92.49%, respectively. Gene-specific PCR amplification further confirmed the presence of napA, hao, and nirS genes, which may contribute to the heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification capacity of strain F19. These results indicate that this bacterium has potential for efficient nitrogen removal at low C/N ratios from domestic wastewater.
Highlights
Excessive nitrogen discharge from aquaculture, agricultural fertilizers, livestock waste, domestic wastewater, and industrial effluents leads to eutrophication, affecting the balance of natural water ecosystems and impacting human health [1,2,3]
A strain exhibiting more than 90% ammonium and TN removal efficiency within 24 h without nitrite accumulation was identified and named F19
BLAST homology searches against GenBank indicated that the novel strain F19 was most closely related to J. svalbardensis (100% similarity)
Summary
Excessive nitrogen discharge from aquaculture, agricultural fertilizers, livestock waste, domestic wastewater, and industrial effluents leads to eutrophication, affecting the balance of natural water ecosystems and impacting human health [1,2,3]. Biological processes, the most efficient and cost-effective method among nitrogen removal methods [7,8], are the most widely used for wastewater [9,10]. Traditional microbial domestic wastewater treatment is dependent on aerobic autotrophic nitrifying bacteria that convert ammonia to nitrate (NH4 + →NH2 OH→NO2 − →NO3 − ), followed by anaerobic denitrifying bacteria that convert nitrate to nitrogen gas (NO3 − →NO2 − →NO→N2 O→N2 ) [7,11]. The main disadvantages of traditional biological nitrogen removal are the complexity of the process, high energy consumption, and the need to add carbon sources. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) processes are effective treatments with low energy consumption [12,13,14].
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