Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) represent a small subpopulation of cells in malignant tumors that possess the unique ability to self-renew, differentiate and resist chemo- and radiotherapy. These cells have been postulated to be the basis for some of the difficulties in treating cancer, and therefore, numerous approaches have been developed to specifically target and eliminate CSC in diverse types of cancer, including breast cancer. Spontaneously occurring mammary tumors in canines share clinical and molecular similarities with the human counterpart, making the dog a potentially powerful model for the study of human breast cancer and clinical trials. Studies focused on canine mammary CSC might therefore enhance our understanding of the biology and possible treatment of the disease in both dogs and humans. In this review, we discuss various approaches currently in use to isolate and characterize canine mammary CSC.
Highlights
Canine mammary tumors (CMT) remain some of the most common neoplasms affecting female dogs
This review summarizes current knowledge regarding canine mammary cancer stem cells (CSC)
Functional characterization of canine mammary cancer stem cells Several groups have analyzed the effect of chemo- and radiotherapy on isolated canine mammary CSC
Summary
Canine mammary tumors (CMT) remain some of the most common neoplasms affecting female dogs. It has been hypothesized that a small subpopulation of cells, cancer stem cells (CSC), underlies tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. Various techniques used for CSC isolation, the signaling pathways involved in tumor development, and studies regarding drug resistance and targeted treatment are presented. Rybicka and Król Acta Vet Scand (2016) 58:86 articles based on cancer stem-like cells isolated from tumor samples and canine mammary tumor cell lines were incorporated.
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