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Abstract
High throughput sequencing of total RNA isolated from symptomatic leaves of a sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium cv. 0900 Ziraat) from Turkey identified a new member of the genus Robigovirus designated cherry virus Turkey (CVTR). The presence of the virus was confirmed by electron microscopy and overlapping RT-PCR for sequencing its whole-genome. The virus has a ssRNA genome of 8464 nucleotides which encodes five open reading frames (ORFs) and comprises two non-coding regions, 5′ UTR and 3′ UTR of 97 and 296 nt, respectively. Compared to the five most closely related robigoviruses, RdRp, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3 and CP share amino acid identities ranging from 43–53%, 44–60%, 39–43%, 38–44% and 45–50%, respectively. Unlike the four cherry robigoviruses, CVTR lacks ORFs 2a and 5a. Its genome organization is therefore more similar to African oil palm ringspot virus (AOPRV). Using specific primers, the presence of CVTR was confirmed in 15 sweet cherries and two sour cherries out of 156 tested samples collected from three regions in Turkey. Among them, five samples were showing slight chlorotic symptoms on the leaves. It seems that CVTR infects cherry trees with or without eliciting obvious symptoms, but these data should be confirmed by bioassays in woody and possible herbaceous hosts in future studies.
Highlights
The world production of cherries has reached about 2.3 million tons and is mainly distributed inAsia (43%), Europe (37%) and America (18%) [1]
We describe the discovery and the full genome sequencing of a new RNA virus tentatively named cherry virus Turkey (CVTR) belonging to the Robigovirus genus from cherries and the results of an epidemiological survey conducted in the most important cherry producing regions in Turkey
The TBLASTX analysis with a cutoff expected value (E-value) of 1 × 10−5 identified a contig of 8444 nucleotides with high homology (E-value of 0) to the cherry rusty mottle associated virus (CRMaV)
Summary
The world production of cherries has reached about 2.3 million tons and is mainly distributed inAsia (43%), Europe (37%) and America (18%) [1]. Due to intensive and long lasting cherry production, the diversity of pathogens in Turkey might be higher than in other parts of the world. This is an appropriate region for characterizing the virome of this plant species. Within the last 5 years, seven of these viruses and one viroid have been discovered in Prunus hosts among which four were described on cherries [3]. This number is constantly increasing and Pathogens 2019, 8, 57; doi:10.3390/pathogens8020057 www.mdpi.com/journal/pathogens
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