Abstract
Background Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) originated from exogenous retroviral infections of the human germ line cells and spread in the human population through vertical transmission over millions of years. Among HERVs, the HML2 proviruses [1] are the most recently integrated and show the most intact proviral genomes. HML-2 expression has tentatively been associated with different pathological conditions, including Hodgkin’s lymphoma, melanoma, breast and testicular cancer. A comprehensive recent study identified 91 HML2 proviruses [2].
Highlights
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) originated from exogenous retroviral infections of the human germ line cells and spread in the human population through vertical transmission over millions of years
ReTe [2] identified more than 120 HML2 proviruses, many of which were not previously reported, accounting for roughly 0.01% of the total human genome
Among the identified HML2 proviruses more than 50% are ≥ 8000 bp in length and more than 50% have both LTRs
Summary
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) originated from exogenous retroviral infections of the human germ line cells and spread in the human population through vertical transmission over millions of years. Among HERVs, the HML2 proviruses [1] are the most recently integrated and show the most intact proviral genomes. HML-2 expression has tentatively been associated with different pathological conditions, including Hodgkin’s lymphoma, melanoma, breast and testicular cancer. A comprehensive recent study identified 91 HML2 proviruses [2]
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