Identification, abundance, and diversity of mosquitoes in Akure South Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria

Olajide Joseph Afolabi,Joseph Onaolapo Akinneye,Aminat M A Igiekhume

doi:10.1186/s41936-019-0112-4

Olajide Joseph Afolabi, Joseph Onaolapo Akinneye + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-019-0112-4

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Abstract

BackgroundMosquitoes are known to be notorious for their ability to constitute a nuisance as well as transmit disease-causing organisms (pathogens) to hosts. This study was aimed to determine the species distribution, abundance, and diversity of mosquitoes in Akure South Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria.ResultsA total number of 100 sites (20 sites from each location) were randomly sampled in the five locations (Alagbaka, FUTA, Oja-Oba, Ondo road, and Seebi). These larvae were identified to species level using × 20 magnification of a dissecting microscope and identification keys. Thirteen species of mosquitoes including 5 Aedes species, 6 Culex species, and a species of Anopheles and Toxorhynchites belonging to four genera were recorded. The abundance of the four mosquito genera varied significantly (p < 0.05) with Culex having the highest abundance (2151) and Toxorhynchites having the lowest abundance (23). Also, the distribution and abundance of the mosquito species varied significantly (p < 0.05) with Culex andersoni being the most abundant species encountered (709) and Culex striatipes being the least abundant (8). The favorable physico-chemical parameters that favor breeding include pH range of 7.14–7.30, temperature range of 27.3–29 °C, electrical conductivity range of 65.6–98.0 μs, and dissolved oxygen range of 2.43–3.84 mg/l. Also, FUTA (1400) and Oja-Oba (994) had higher mosquito abundance than other locations (Alagbaka—124, Seebi—198, and Ondo road—224).ConclusionsThe persistent occurrence of Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles species pose a serious epidemiological concern to the inhabitants of Akure South Local Government Area. Therefore, public enlightenment on vector control is of paramount importance.

Highlights

Mosquitoes are known to be notorious for their ability to constitute a nuisance as well as transmit disease-causing organisms to hosts
Zika virus, filariasis, and yellow fever are diseases vectored by mosquitoes (Dawn, Kirk, Carl, & Paul, 2001); these diseases cause high morbidity and mortality in human
Oja-Oba a predominant market in the study area is filled with carelessly disposed water-holding materials, puddles, gutters, and runoffs, Table 1 Anthropogenic activities in the Akure South Local Government Area

Summary

Introduction

Mosquitoes are known to be notorious for their ability to constitute a nuisance as well as transmit disease-causing organisms (pathogens) to hosts. Mosquitoes are the greatest enemies of humans because of the widespread suffering and death caused by the diseases transmitted. The diversities of aquatic habitats for mosquito breeding frequently make them occur in adequate population to constitute biting nuisance or vectors of disease-causing organisms (Adebote, Abolude, Oniye, & Wayas, 2008). Nigeria suffers the world’s greatest malaria burden, with approximately 51 million cases and 207,000 deaths reported annually while 97% of the total population is at risk of infection (WHO, 2014); yellow fever epidemics have had devastating effects on human populations (Nasidi et al, 1989)

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