Identificación genética de aislamientos de Colletotrichum spp. causantes de antracnosis en frutos de aguacate, banano, mango y tomate de árbol

Abstract

Anthracnose is a major disease affecting the production of tropical fruit trees on a global level. Our objective was to identify at the species level Colletotrichum isolates causing anthracnose in fruits of avocado, banana, mango, and tamarillo by multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing data from the ITS region and from the βtubulin-2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes. We evaluated the morphology of colonies, conidia, and appressoria for each species. We obtained 16 isolates from fruits exhibiting symptoms of anthracnose, which were confirmed using the wound and drip inoculation method as causing anthracnose in fruits of their respective hosts. The isolates were identified as Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum fructicola, or Colletotrichum musae within the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, or as Colletotrichum tamarilloi within the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex. This study contributes to the knowledge of species causing anthracnose in tropical fruits in Colombia, which will facilitate the design of diagnosis techniques and the selection of better disease management strategies. © Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat. 2015.