Abstract
The paper addresses the ideas of human rights, civic consciousness, and various options of modeling the legal ideal by the leading representatives of Russian political and legal thought of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. The research is primarily aimed at identifying priorities and value fundamentals of Russian liberals as the ideas of human rights and freedoms, rule-of-law state, civic consciousness and civil society developed within various models of legal ideals that can still be relevant today. A conclusion is made that researching Russian liberals’ political and legal legacy is relevant nowadays; many of their ideas were ahead of their time; a number of researchers were working to anticipate their time, era, and culture, while many ideas and thinkers were undeservedly forgotten. Any people’s culture of memory, meanwhile, is established based on the whole intellectual heritage of the past (without ideological limitations or repressive actions), academic works and humanities practices of classics of social and natural sciences. Many ideas and approaches of classics of the Russian liberal political and legal thought should be used nowadays to establish national strategies and programs on protecting the rights of socially vulnerable groups of population, a national platform for human rights protection, and a national educational program on human rights.
Highlights
The paper addresses the ideas of human rights, civic consciousness, and various options of modeling the legal ideal by the leading representatives of Russian political and legal thought of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century
The research is primarily aimed at identifying priorities and value fundamentals of Russian liberals as the ideas of human rights and freedoms, rule-of-law state, civic consciousness and civil society developed within various models of legal ideals that can still be relevant today
А. Кистяковского); 5) постепенная гуманизация права и политики, утверждение необходимости политики права, учета при ее формировании необходимости защиты и охраны прав и свобод человека, личности, гражданина; 6) попытки российских философов права и правоведов разработать и внедрить свои самостоятельные гуманитарные практики в современном им обществе и государстве; 7) постепенное развитие идей гражданственности, правового и гражданского просвещения народа, развития гражданского общества, актуализации гражданского участия в деятельности государства
Summary
Новгородцев выступал за расширение каталога прав человека, что было важным для моделирования различных, все более прогрессивных правовых и общественных идеалов, продвижения идей прав человека, гражданственности, правовой политики государства; и предлагал обратить пристальное внимание философов права и правоведов на новое, но в то же время основополагающее право – право на достойное существование, которое Новгородцев рассматривал как ключевое для правового идеала (нового правового государства).
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