Ideal Eye, Nasal Tip, Cheek, and Forehead Structures Related to Vertical, Oblique Relationships and the Facial Oval Shape

Abstract

Introduction: The Circles of Prominence is a new theory on facial beauty based on what viewers spend the most time observing when they see a face. Here, we test the influence the iris, nasal tip, and lower lip have on the ideal forehead, mouth, and cheek shapes and how they ideally relate to the general oval facial shape. Materials and Methods: This is a subjective survey where 245 participants ranked 5 sets of 20 total line drawings based on attractiveness. The survey was conducted with an online service (SurveyMonkey®). The data underwent statistical analysis. The goal was to test the ideal forehead, mouth and cheek shadowing, ideal forehead height and ideal positioning of the eyes and nasal tip. Results: Vertical shadowing of the forehead, mouth and cheek were most ideal when they aligned with the iris. The upper border of cheek shadowing was most ideal when aligned with the top of the ears and center of the lower lip. The iris and nasal tip were ideally related in the same way the 2 diameters of the facial oval relate to each other. Forehead height is likely most ideal when it is related to the iris to center of the lower lip distance. Discussion: The shape of the forehead, mouth, and cheek are influenced by the vertical position of the iris. The upper border of the cheek is ideally defined by an oblique relationship established by the top of the ears and center of the lower lip which supports the hypothesis that the face is ideally organized in part by parallel, oblique relationships that are established by the iris and nasal tip. The iris and lower lip appears to have an influence on forehead height. The iris and nasal tip orient the eye and nose units and their positioning is influenced by the vertical and horizontal diameters of the oval shape of the face. Conclusion: Facial beauty can be explained by simple mathematics within the face. The iris width and shape ideally dictates all shapes that are close to its size, this is progressively followed by the horizontal aperture of the eye, and the iris-to-iris distance. Here, we find that the iris-to-iris distance or just the absolute position of the iris itself exerts more influence on the forehead, cheek, and mouth shapes, and the iris and nasal tip together ideally organizes the face into parallel oblique relationships and harmonizes with the face by relating to the face’s oval dimensions.