Abstract
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy has long been established as an effective treatment for chronic neuropathic pain. However, methodological limitations have prohibited the detailed investigation of the activation patterns produced in the spinal cord during therapy. Functional ultrasound (fUS) is an emerging technology that monitors local hemodynamic changes in the brain that are tightly coupled to neural activity1-3. Previous studies have demonstrated that the high spatiotemporal resolution of fUS can be used to monitor activation in the spinal cord during SCS4,5. In this study, fUS was used to investigate neuromodulation patterns produced by clinical SCS paradigms in an ovine model that enabled testing with implanted clinical hardware.
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