Abstract
Chronic intractable pain, often defined as pain persisting for ≥6-months which has not responded to conservative treatment(s), is complex and dynamic. Hence, varying results between various treatment approaches including medications, physical therapy, stimulation etc. are often reported. Treatments like physical therapy and interventional pain procedures (e.g., intraspinal injections, vertebroplasty, pulsed RF) are often attempted, sometimes followed by chronic high dose opioids and back surgery, if indicated. However, earlier neuromodulation interventions such as Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) prior to spinal surgery may result in acceptable patient outcomes. Hence, we sought to examine outcomes for the use of SCS in treatment of chronic pain in patients with no prior back surgery as part of two ongoing real-world studies.
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