Abstract
The family Paramyxoviridae consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Many paramyxoviruses are host-specific and several, such as measles virus, mumps virus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus and several parainfluenza viruses, are pathogenic for humans. The transmission of paramyxoviruses is horizontal, mainly through airborne routes; no vectors are known. This is a summary of the current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Paramyxoviridae. which is available at ictv.global/report/paramyxoviridae.
Highlights
The family Paramyxoviridae consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish
Pleomorphic, but probably mostly spherical (Table 1, Fig. 1), with a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) core containing the RNA genome protected by a helical nucleocapsid protein (N), the polymerase-associated protein (P) and the large protein (L, including RNA-directed RNA polymerase, capping and cap methylation activities)
Transcription of the negative-sense genome occurs in the cytoplasm and starts with the binding of the P/L protein complex to the transcription promoter at the 3′-end of the RNA, and transcription of 6–8 mRNAs that are capped and poly-adenylated
Summary
The family Paramyxoviridae consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Typical member: Virion Genome Replication Translation Host range Taxonomy measles virus, Ichinose-B95a (AB016162), species Measles morbillivirus, genus Morbillivirus Pleomorphic (mostly spherical) virions with a diameter of 300–500 nm enclosing a ribonucleoprotein Negative-sense, non-segmented RNA genomes of 14.6 to 20.1 kb Cytoplasmic; the virus ribonucleoprotein complex replicates the antigenome and transcribes 6–8 positive-s ense mRNAs Cytoplasmic, by cellular machinery from capped and poly-adenylated mRNAs Mammals, birds, fish and reptiles Realm Riboviria, phylum Negarnaviricota, class Monjiviricetes, order Mononegavirales.
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