Abstract
Caulimoviridae is a family of non-enveloped reverse-transcribing plant viruses with non-covalently closed circular dsDNA genomes of 7.1–9.8 kbp in the order Ortervirales. They infect a wide range of monocots and dicots. Some viruses cause economically important diseases of tropical and subtropical crops. Transmission occurs through insect vectors (aphids, mealybugs, leafhoppers, lace bugs) and grafting. Activation of infectious endogenous viral elements occurs in Musa balbisiana, Petunia hybrida and Nicotiana edwardsonii. However, most endogenous caulimovirids are not infectious. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Caulimoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/caulimoviridae.
Highlights
Caulimoviridae is a family of non-enveloped reverse-transcribing plant viruses with non-covalently closed circular dsDNA genomes of 7.1–9.8 kbp in the order Ortervirales
Redundant pregenomic RNA is transcribed in the nucleus from repaired, covalently closed circular dsDNA by host DNA-d irected RNA polymerase II From capped and polyadenylated pregenomic RNA; in some viruses from subgenomic RNA and spliced versions of pregenomic RNA Plants; some are transmitted by insects Realm Riboviria, kingdom Pararnavirae, phylum Artverviricota, class Revtraviricetes, order Ortervirales, multiple genera including >80 species
Virions are either isometric of 45–52 nm in diameter or, in the case of members of the genera Badnavirus and Tungrovirus, bacilliform particles of 30 nm × 60–900 nm (Table 1, Fig. 1)
Summary
Caulimoviridae is a family of non-enveloped reverse-transcribing plant viruses with non-covalently closed circular dsDNA genomes of 7.1–9.8 kbp in the order Ortervirales. Translation Host range Taxonomy cauliflower mosaic virus-Cabb-S (V00141), species Cauliflower mosaic virus, genus Caulimovirus Non-enveloped, isometric or bacilliform with a single-core capsid protein 7.1–9.8 kbp of non-covalently closed circular dsDNA with discontinuities in both genome strands at specific places Cytoplasmic via reverse transcription of pregenomic RNA by viral reverse transcriptase. Redundant pregenomic RNA is transcribed in the nucleus from repaired, covalently closed circular dsDNA by host DNA-d irected RNA polymerase II From capped and polyadenylated pregenomic RNA; in some viruses from subgenomic RNA and spliced versions of pregenomic RNA Plants (monocots and dicots); some are transmitted by insects Realm Riboviria, kingdom Pararnavirae, phylum Artverviricota, class Revtraviricetes, order Ortervirales, multiple genera including >80 species
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