Abstract
The family Ampullaviridae includes viruses with linear dsDNA genomes that replicate in hyperthermophilic archaea from the genus Acidianus. The virions have a unique champagne bottle-shaped morphology and consist of a nucleoprotein filament condensed into a cone-shaped core, which is encased by an envelope, with the base of the ‘bottle’ decorated with a ring of 20 filaments. Genome replication is presumably carried out by the virus-encoded protein-primed family B DNA polymerase. The bottle-shaped morphology is unprecedented among viruses of bacteria and eukaryotes and represents a group of archaea-specific virion morphotypes. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Ampullaviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/ampullaviridae.
Highlights
The family Ampullaviridae includes viruses with linear dsDNA genomes that replicate in hyperthermophilic archaea from the genus Acidianus
Bottle shaped; 230 nm long, 4–75 nm wide; the flat terminus is decorated with 20 nm-long filaments; the envelope encases a cone-shaped nucleoprotein core
DsDNA (23 814 bp) with 590 bp terminal inverted repeats Virus-encoded protein-primed family B DNA polymerase Not characterized Hyperthermophilic archaea from the genus Acidianus; non-lytic Single genus with a single species; two related genomes have been obtained from metagenomics studies
Summary
Typical member: Acidianus bottle-shaped virus (EF432053), species Acidianus bottle-shaped virus, genus Ampullavirus Bottle shaped; 230 nm long, 4–75 nm wide; the flat terminus is decorated with 20 nm-long filaments; the envelope encases a cone-shaped nucleoprotein core DsDNA (23 814 bp) with 590 bp terminal inverted repeats Virus-encoded protein-primed family B DNA polymerase Not characterized Hyperthermophilic archaea from the genus Acidianus; non-lytic Single genus with a single species; two related genomes have been obtained from metagenomics studies
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