Abstract
IR spectra of sources associated with molecular cloud material show a variety of absorption features attributed to simple molecules, such as H2O, CO, CH3OH, CO2, CH4, and OCS in icy grain mantles. These identifications are reviewed. These molecules are formed through accretion and reaction of gas phase species on grain surfaces. The high abundance of CH3OH and CO2point towards the importance of hydrogenation and oxidation reactions in this process. Observations also show that thermal outgassing is of great importance for the composition of interstellar ice mantles. Both these processes are discussed in some detail.
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