Abstract
Observations were made at 19 GHz of depolarization due to ice crystals along a satellite-earth path with a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">38.6\deg</tex> elevation angle. The one-year data base included sufficient information to determine depolarization for any incident polarization angle. Depolarization was often observed in the absence of significant rain-produced copolarized signal attenuation. This depolarization is caused by ice crystals whose symmetry axes, as observed in the plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation, were usually within <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5\deg</tex> of vertical and horizontal. Maximum depolarization was observed for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">45\deg</tex> linear or circular polarizations, and never exceeded -16 dB. For vertical and horizontal incident polarizations 8-10-dB lower maximum depolarization values were observed. Depolarization due to ice was also observed during most rain attenuation events. The unknown differential phase characteristics of rain-produced depolarization prevent further exact analysis of this ice depolarization.
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