Icariin represses the inflammatory responses and survival of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by regulating the TRIB1/TLR2/NF-kB pathway

Abstract

BackgroundEffective treatment methods for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are still lacking. Previous studies have shown that icariin exerts a significant therapeutic effect on RA; however, the molecular mechanism requires further analysis. MethodsqRT-PCR and western blot were performed to examine the gene or protein levels, respecctively. The proinflammatory cytokine levels were determined utilizing ELISA and western blot assays. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were quantified using CCK-8, EdU and flow cytometry assays, respectively. A RA mouse model was established to observe histopathological changes. ResultsBoth icariin treatment and TRIB1 overexpression inhibited proliferation and inflammatory responses but promoted the apoptosis of TNF-α-treated RA-FLSs. Icariin treatment increased TRIB1 expression by promoting Nrf2 expression, thus blocking TLR2/NF-κB signalling. In addition, functional rescue experiments suggested that TRIB1 knockdown strikingly restrained the biological effects of icariin on TNF-α-treated RA-FLSs. Moreover, in vivo experimental results revealed that icariin restored inflammation and deterioration in RA mice by upregulating TRIB1. ConclusionsBased on these results, icariin repressed TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses and survival in RA-FLSs by regulating the TRIB1/TLR2/NF-kB pathway, implying that icariin may be a promising candidate drug for RA treatment.