IBERLID: A lead isotope database and tool for metal provenance and ore deposits research

Abstract

Although sometimes controversial, the use of Pb isotope data in geological research of ore deposits and metal provenance studies in archaeology has proved a useful tool for investigation of the relations between ore sources and raw materials used by humans. Users of this kind of information have often asked for complete datasets that would include not only numerical values of isotope ratios but also mineralogical and geological information about the samples analysed so as to allow for conscientious data comparison. The IBERLID database here presented has been designed to include available information for nearly 3000 samples from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands in a unique, complete to the extent possible, upgradable dataset using standardized variables. This allows to compare data and establish groups based upon isotopic ratios, mineralogy and other geological characteristics of the samples. The database is available through an online interactive public tool (www.ehu.eus/ibercron/iberlid) that provides for data search, comparison and graphics design, and may be furthermore exported for enhanced statistical treatment. By direct use of the proposed standardized variables, the compiled results allow to discern among 3 main mineralization events within the Iberian realm, while interpolation of Pb isotope data allow to draw the first maps of model age, mu and kappa parameters. The problem of radiogenic lead in some compiled data requires additional analyses of elemental concentrations, which so far has been generally neglected.